Fostering Learning Autonomy: Why Does It Matter?

Written by Chintya Arlita

Edited by Willy Prasetya

Photo by Onyengradar via Shutterstock

 

“This is what Indonesia needs in the future. I am sorry, but the world doesn’t need children who are good at memorizing.” ─ Nadiem Makarim.

With the new education policy introduced by Nadiem Makarim, Merdeka Belajar, Indonesian learners are given more freedom to take charge of their learning. They no longer learn by only remembering information; rather, they are taught how to critically select relevant information and understand it.

Why is autonomy in learning essential? learners are more engaged in the classroom when they have the control of their own learning. This is caused by at least two reasons: self-efficacy and intrinsic value.

When given learning autonomy, learners are empowered to learn according to their abilities and interests. Individual growth can be achieved when learners are autonomous because they make their own decisions based on their interests and take control of their own choices. As a result, they become more confident and responsible with themselves in achieving their goals.

In addition, by learning autonomously, learners can discover values from what they have studied, which may lead to a more meaningful learning experience. When they have reached this point, they will be able to feel more satisfied in whatever they do. Even if they make mistakes in learning, the satisfaction is certain because they have the freedom to become reflective and evaluate themselves for improving themselves.

One simple yet excellent idea of giving learners a chance to be autonomous is a special day in which teachers let their learners decide what they want to learn without grading their learning. With such opportunity, learners have the full authority to optimize their potentials without any fear of judgment. Another way of instilling autonomy in learners is conducting a project-based learning. With such an approach, learners have more time to plan, explore, and experiment with whatever they need to do to complete the project. Learners who have worked autonomously tend to enjoy their learning process. There are at least two reasons for this: alignment with their passions and a sense of achievement.

Education should guide all individuals in the journey of searching for meanings to understand what they need in life. Although there is no accurate definition of a meaningful life since everyone has different backgrounds, the journey of finding a meaning is certain. To make the process meaningful, everyone should be given the freedom to take control of their learning and along the way, it can lead them to find their life purpose, which is vital for their self-worth.

Detachment

Written by Salma Maulani

Yesterday, I met my best friend and we had a fun conversation while having dinner together. It was an all-you-can-eat restaurant which felt like fancy dinner for us who used to eat fast food or street food which usually cost below 30 thousand rupiahs.  When I arrived, The first thing that she said to me was  “you are such a fashion terrorist, how can you wear that red bag with blue clothes and only a pair of slippers”. Yes, she is the type of girl who always tries to match the color of her shoes and bag, she used to be fine with my fashion. However, this time she criticized me. 

“Why? I love this bag, I have been wearing this bag since last year, and it is rainy outside, I don’t want to wet my shoes” I replied without any second thought.

“Okay, it’s understandable for the slipper, but the bag? I know you have a black bag as a gift from your friend, why don’t you wear it Geez!” she expressed her annoyance.

I just laughed, and she muttered “as always, another thing that you’re getting attached to”. 

Then it hit me as I took my seat. It seems like she knows me better than myself. I realized the reason why I prefer this bag more than others. I used to think that I am just being lazy or always in a hurry and have no time to move all of the things inside. But even if I have extra time, I don’t think I will choose another bag. Finally, I admit that I am very easily attached and I do have a hard time letting things go. It also explains why I still often wear the same sweatshirt since middle school, the worn-out shirt, it has a little torn on the side and ripped sleeves. I’ve had some arguments with my mom because she tried to throw it several times and I begged her with all I had. Fortunately, I managed to keep it.

I snapped my wandering mind to back and focus on the present, I finished the dinner with my best friend, talked about our day and what kind of obstacles that we need to get through, not to mention the cute pictures that we took and uploaded it on Instagram, and we hate to admit it but we spilled some teas to each other as well. Overall, we enjoyed our time.

I arrived at home happily, I took a warm bath and prepared to sleep. Suddenly, those wandering minds that I had before came back to me. Actually, it has been my night-routines to organize my mind, forgive the mistake that I made that day, and make a plan for tomorrow before I go to sleep. Inside my head, I tried to make a list of things that I got attached besides that red bag and worn-out sweatshirt. Another realization came to me, turned out I get very easily attached not only to things, but movies, stories, places, memories and people as well.

This also explains all the hurt and pain that I experienced in relationship and friendship. Those times all hurt and most of them still do until now. I have been single for more than 6 years and it took me about 2-3 years to let my high-school ex go, which was ridiculous because I went to school where more than 70% of the students were males. Most of my friend said that I am stupid because I couldn’t catch any fish when there is plenty in my ocean.

I hate a change, and I hate the fact that change is inevitable. Especially when people that I get attached to do it. Everytime it happened, I did not give up on them, I am really bad at giving up and letting them go. I tried to hold them real tight. However, I always failed to realize the mistake that I made. I hold them very tight to the point that I started to hurt them. I failed to understand the famous quote that said “Maintaining a relationship/friendship is like holding sand in your hand. If you hold it too tight, it will run amongst your fingers, just hold them normally, and you’ll have them forever.”

I realized it very late, I already hurt many people that I used to get attached to. I also hurt myself. I would like to deeply apologize to them and to myself as well. I am really sorry for holding you so tight and interfering with your change. Now, I sincerely wish that your change brings a positive result to you. I am rooting the best for all of you, for my ex and all my friendship that has ended with or without closure.

Entering this year, I am going to try not to get too attached and learn to let go. Begin with wearing another bag, throwing away the worn-out sweatshirt, being careless about matters that do not care about me, and being worry-less about anything that is out of my control such as the inevitable change.

The Origin of Sawo: A Side Story of Sapodilla Fruit

Original story by Zaimatul Muktarifah and Sri Astuti

Edited by Fatwa Hapsari Alwihani

photo via jovee.id 


A long time ago, there lived a poor family consisting of two people. The older sister was Salsa and the younger brother was Woshi. They lived in the wood that was part of a big kingdom. They lived with everything that could be used and be eaten in the jungle. Salsa liked milk and Woshi liked honey. However, they could not drink what they liked most often because only the nobles could afford these things.

Someday, Salsa and Woshi went to a village near King’s castle to sell firewood. In the village, they saw an announcement from the king in a gold-coated paper.

“Competition! The Princess gets a dangerous disease. Who can heal The Princess will get a big prize from our majesty, The  King.” 

Salsa and Woshi looked at each other.

“I want to milk honey everyday.” Said Woshi with a cute voice.

“Yeah, my lil honey. I want it too. I also want to be a nobleman.” Replayed Salsa.

“Can we?” Said Woshi with doubt tones.

“Of course!”

Woshi’s eyes sparkled. “Then, Lets go to find a medicine to cure The Princess!”

Salsa and Woshi did not know where to find the medicine. So, they went to the edge of the wood. Suddenly, their steps were stopped by an Owl.

“Hey Hey Hola! Where will you go?” asked the Owl.

“We wanna go to find a medicine to cure The Princess.” Woshi answered.

“Please help me!” said the Owl.

Before answering, Woshi looked at his sister. Salsa nodded. The sign was enough for Woshi to answer.

“What can we do for you, Mr. Owl?” Woshi asked.

“I will go for some hours. Please take care of my food. This is for my kids.” said the Owl while pointed at a roll of green leaves.

“It is a caterpillar. You cannot make it die. A fresh caterpillar is my kids’ favorite food. If this caterpillar is still alive until I come back, I will give you some gold bars that I found in the forest a few years ago.”

Woshi’s eyes widened but Salsa’s eyebrow was frowning.

“Can we trust you?” asked Salsa.

“Of course. Then, I go now, bye!” The Owl left the caterpillar in Woshi’s hand. Woshi seemed happy.

After a few hours, Salsa and Woshi felt bored. They just sat under a tree. Woshi’s hand still held the caterpillar.

“I think the caterpillar needs some food.” Said Woshi broke their long silence.

“No, honey. He is already on the roll of a leave. It is the food of the caterpillar.”

“Then, why does the caterpillar not move even a little? Isn’t he hungry?”

“Really? Try to make him move!”

Woshi nodded. Woshi shook his hand slowly, but the caterpillar did not move at all. Whosi shook harder, but the caterpillar still kept quiet.

“We will not get the gold bar.” Woshi was frustrated.

“Is he dead?” asked Salsa. Woshi just nodded.

“We should find a new caterpillar. We must get the gold bar, so that we can drink milk and honey everyday.”

“No, honey. We should apologize to Mr. Owl first.”

“But, we won’t get …”

“No! Remember! What is our goal?”

“Get a medicine that can cure the Princess.”

“Good. It’s okay if we won’t get the gold bar. We will apologize to Mr. Owl because we could not take care of the caterpillar. Okay?”

Whosi nodded. Suddenly the Owl flew to Salsa’s hand.

“You two pass the exam!” Said the Owl.

“Huh?” Salsa and Woshi were confused.

“I am the guardian of the gate of the edge of the wood.”

“Too much of-“

“Shut up!” The Owl cut Woshi’s comment. The Owl looked angry for a while, but the Owl changed his character directly. “I have a right to make sure that only chosen people can enter the gate. The caterpillar is already dead. If you change him with a new caterpillar, it means that you are not an honest person. So, where will you go? I will guard you to the gate of the edge of the wood.” said the Owl calmly.

“The Princess gets a dangerous disease. We want to find a medicine that can cure her disease.” said Salsa.

“So, you can go to the top of the hill on the edge of the wood. There is holy water in a holy small jar. The holy water can heal every type of disease.”

“Really?! We must go there!” said Woshi excitedly.

“But … there is a guardian of the holy water. He is a giant. He will not let whoever get the holy water.”

“So, how can we fight the giant?” asked Salsa.

“It is easy. Just make him mention his name without mentioning it.”

“What is his name?”

“No, I can’t mention it. The name contains a curse. But, I will give you the hint. Leve, Twe, The Werld, get the hint without mention the answer.”

Salsa and Woshi thought hard while mumbling the words.

“Those trees are the gate.” said the Owl while pointing to two big trees. “Just enter and follow the path. You will find the holy water in a holy small jar on the edge of the wood. Good luck!” The Owl flew high leaving Salsa and Woshi who were still confused with the hint. 

“I have an idea of the hint. Wish us luck for this.” said Salsa and followed by Woshi’s nod. 

Salsa and Woshi entered the gate. They walked on a very long path. They were tired. However, the holy water was waiting for them at the end of the path. They kept walking until they found the biggest tree they had ever seen. Under the tree, there was a small sparkling silver jar that was sparkling because of the sunshine. Salsa and Woshi took the small jar. Salsa held the small jar tightly. They almost ran. Their steps stopped after hearing a big voice behind them. They were shocked when they turned around. They saw a giant with a grumpy face.

“Give back the holy water!” said the giant.

“What should we do?” Woshi panicked.

“Keep calm. We can pass it.” said Salsa, even though her body trembled. “Hey, ugly giant!” Salsa dared herself. “Let’s play a game! If you win, I will give back the holy water. I also will be willing to be your slave forever.”

“WHAT?” Woshi was more shocked than before.

“Keep calm. It is just me. You hold the holy water and I will play the game alone.” said Salsa.

“But…”

“No buts!” Salsa gave the holy water to Woshi. She walked slowly to the giant.

“It is interesting. It has been so long since the last time people asked me to play a game.” said the giant.

Salsa smirked.”And this will be your last.” she mumbled.

“What’s a game?” asked the giant.

“Guessing words. I will ask you five words, you should guess the similar word. You have only one chance to answer. If you can answer correctly at least two of five, you win.”

“Deal!” said the giant.

“I’m gonna be crazy of her. But I trust you, my sister.” Woshi mumbled.

“The first word, go down.”

“Fall?”

“False!” 

The giant was shocked. “Hey, it-“

“Second, inside.” Salsa tried to ignore the giant’s complaint.

The giant thought hard. “In?” he was not sure.

“False! Third, for.”

“To?”

“False! Fourth, the world.”

“The earth?” 

“True!”

The giant smirked. “One word left and you will be my slave forever.” said the giant.

“Then, I will make the last question easier for you. You should answer it fast. You should prove that you are good enough to be my master.”

“Okay, what is the question? Say it quickly!”

“What are your four answers before? Say it with changing all the vocal letters in ‘E’! I’ll count to five. One…”

The giant thought hard to gather his own answers.

“Two…” Salsa counted while the giant started to remember his answers.”Three…”

“I know! Fell En Te The Eerth.”

The sky rumbled. The earth trembled. The ground where the giant’s footing began to suck his feet. The giant realized. He saw Salsa was wearing a smirk face. The giant was furious. 

“So, what is your name my majesty?” Salsa sneered.

“Fellente De Erth.” The giant stressed. “Argh! I am Fellente De Erth. My name contains a curse. Whoever says it will fall into the earth. Even if I say it myself.” The giant blurted in frustration. “You! I will curse you! If you give that holy water to someone else, you will turn into a cockroach.” Said the giant shortly before his body vanished into the earth.

Salsa turned back his body. She looked at his little brother. Woshi ran and hugged Salsa tightly. Woshi almost cried, but after seeing his sister’s smile, Woshi smiled too.

“How do you know his name?” asked Woshi.

“Ouh, it is easy. Remember the hint?”

“Leve, Twe, The Werld.”

“It is other words of love, two, and the world. Love is often followed by words ‘fall in’. Two has similar sound as to. The world is our world we live in now, The Earth. His name has a curse. So, I think, the name should be something that can be real and it is proved. Fall into the earth. The hint uses E vocal. It should have a sense. So I think the name is also in E vocal.”

“Okay, I see.” Woshi nodded even though he was confused. “What will we do? We can’t give the holy water to the Princess.”

“No. We will give the holy water to the princess. If we will be cockroaches, so will be. As long as we are still alive. Saving other’s lives is important. Trust me! If we help others, someday, someone will help us as we did. Are you okay with this?”

“As long as I am with you, I will always be fine.”

They smiled. They had decided their decision. Then, they went to the King’s castle.

After a long journey, in some days, Salsa and Woshi finally reached the King’s castle. With the holy water in their hands, they were warm. They were welcomed by the King himself. They were proudly guarded by the warriors to the Princess room. They fed the holy water to the sleeping princess’ mouth. After a few seconds, the princess opened her eyes. In the same time, Salsa and Woshi’s body was shining before finally they turned into cockroaches. The King, who had been told by them, felt guilty. They were willing to take the risk. The King helped the princess to sit in her bed. Then, the King helped her to drink all the holy water in the silver small jar. Finally, the Princess fully woke up. But, the Princess yelled loudly in one second after fully woke up. She saw two cockroaches in front of her. She panicked. She threw the silver small jar to the cockroaches. The King tried to stop the Princess, unfortunately it was late. The small jar had hit cockroaches’ bodies. They were dead.

The King cried in frustration. He sobbed. He told the story of Salsa and Woshi to the Princess while his tears never stopped falling even a second. The Princess cried louder than the King. She would bring this guilty feeling for the rest of her life. To lighten the burden of her feelings, the Princess buried the body of two cockroaches that had been lifeless politely. The Princess treated their funeral like the funeral of a nobleman. The Princess also poured milk and honey in their graves.

The day after, a tree grew from their graves. The tree bore many fruits. The color of the fruit reminded the King of the skin color of Salsa and Woshi. The fruit had sweet taste, like a mixture of milk and honey. The wood was resilient, difficult to cut, like the character of Salsa and Woshi who never gave up. Moreover, the fruit seeds looked like cockroaches. While in tears, the King and the Princess ate the fruit. They also spread the seeds throughout the kingdom. To commemorate the services of their two heroes, the King and the Princess named the fruit Sawo, an abbreviation of their name. (Note: Sawo is the Indonesian name of sapodilla).

THE END

Alone

Written by Safira Ardya

 

“Well I was thinking you’d come here with someone. I wanted you to have, maybe, a

dance with me and Daniel..”

“You are not alone, right? Tell me you’re not.” Jane gave me a hug and said so.

I personally do not get it why people keep asking me as if it is a very big sin for being alone. Being alone, however, does not seem as terrifying as its image in everyone’s perception. Besides, when I am alone, I do not feel lonely. For me, what is more terrifying is making friends. Yes, I do enjoy me-time so much that I don’t even feel the joy of being surrounded by people. I did have lot of friends, once. When my life was still about partying all night long and sleeping all day long. I can exactly remember the time when all I did was making friends instead of being comfortable with myself. I still remember that moment when I hated to be alone and wanted to be with people. But that was approximately eight years ago, when I haven’t understood what kind of life I am really in. 

I was so unsure of life. Since my parents had ‘divorced’, I never knew what I had to do in this world, or why I was born in this family. Well it wasn’t actually called divorce. They both just left each other and started a new life. I was 17 when they both admitted that they never really loved one another. My mom had a strong belief that everyone deserves happiness. Based on her belief, she left me in order to find ‘her happiness’. Was that really happiness? The same story went to my father. He dated a woman younger than my mom. I asked him about that young lady he took to the house. He told me that she was his true love, while my mother was just his ex. I could not understand anything at that time. Thus, partying was the best decision after all. 

My relative in work, Jane, was so nice to me. She always greeted me every morning. But still, I was on my stance; people would not be nice to you unless they wanted something from you. So far, I successfully proved that my principle was definitely right. A thousand friends when I was in high school have gone. A hundred friends when I went to college, gone. A dozen friends where I work, I preferred to call them relatives. Then my theory was right. Right after Jane asked me that question, she began to ask another one. 

“Well I was thinking you’d come here with someone. I wanted you to have, maybe, a dance with Daniel and me. It would be a pleasure for us for having you and your partner,” she still said that kind of phrase despite the fact she knew for sure that I came to this place by only me, myself, and I. “Thank you Jane, that’s very kind of you. I feel truly honored if I could dance with you and Dan, but I’m enough. Anyway, congratulations, dear.” I gave her a little hug and a not-so-sincere smile, so I could go home earlier. That day was a very historical day for Jane. Dan proposed her and that day was her wedding day. I couldn’t even imagine how it feels to be married to someone. 

I was eating a cupcake when somebody appeared and said, “hello, Evelyn?” I was shocked as I turned my head to the right, and found out she was my long-lost best friend. I knew her since I was around twelve years old. The first day on my junior high school. She was Caroline. “Is that you, Carl?” I asked her, ensuring myself. “You remember me?” she laughed. I remembered this voice. We both hugged each other tightly. How I missed this person. She was the only one whom I trusted for years but we were set apart by the end of high school which I didn’t know why. We talked a lot about each other’s lives and how we could meet in that circumstance. She was the only one whom I told about everything that happened in my family. She was a trust-worthy person. She was also the reason why I hated everybody and didn’t want to make friends with anybody. 

– – –

“Now? Well I don’t have a boyfriend. I don’t have and don’t want to have anyway. How about you, Eve? It’s been a while since the last time I heard about your condition. Are you okay?” We both knew that we had some kind like inner-connection. We always noticed each other when one of us was not ‘okay’. She noticed me, that time. I told her that my life was okay, I kept contacting my parents some times, I lived in a small apartment – not far from my office, I was single and I had no friend. She gave me some advices about life; she told me that I couldn’t live alone. I didn’t care. Regardless the things she said, I was still alive even until the second I wrote this. 

“You cannot be like this. Come on, Eve. You really need someone to take care of you.” “Carl, I’m 25 and I have heavy work and responsibility. So tell me in which part do I need someone? Is there someone helping me when I’m on my lowest point? It was not even you, Carl.” I tried to explain her. But, I failed. She just didn’t get it. “You know what Eve? You’ll never be happy if you’re always alone like this. Life doesn’t go this way, Eve. Believe me,” she lowered her tone. I told her, “Happiness comes out from ourselves, darling. Who told you that happiness comes from another human being – outside yourself?” It was no use arguing with this lady. We had completely different perspectives.

When we were younger, we had the same perspective about life. We went to a city nightclub every Saturday to drink one shot or two and get drunk before the sunrise. At that very moment, my friends were uncountable. There were so many that I could not remember their names one by one. They liked to join Carl and me, since we literally had unlimited money that we could pay all the drinks for a dozen friends of us. It all changed when I entered college life, even worse when I entered work life. They were just suddenly gone with a blink of an eye. 

Carl was a nice girl with hazel brown eyes, pink cheeks even without her blush on, long blonde hair, and very pointed nose. She was amazingly beautiful. She was a daughter of a successful businessman. She lived in a very big house, with 10 housemaids and a personal driver. She didn’t have any friend; at least she didn’t have the real one. This was the similarity between us. We perceived the world as it was. No matter how nice a person could be, or how perfect a person might treat us, we didn’t want to make friends, or have a boyfriend. The night before prom night, a boy showed up at her door and asked if she wanted to go to prom with him. Carl – which always felt lonely – said yes. From that night on, until Jane’s wedding day, I had never heard anything about Carl. 

She changed her perception about life. She had many friends after prom night. I thought it was because she and his partner were crowned as Prom Queen and Prom King. She trusted people much that she began to leave me after that. 

– – – 

“Good Morning Eve!” Jane greeted me as I walked out the elevator and held two cups of coffee. I gave her one. This was what I believed; be nice with people and they would be nice to you in return. “Thanks Eve! How’s life?” she asked enthusiastically. “Jane, is there any letter for me?” I didn’t like having small talk. “You’ve always been like this! Yup, there are some letters Eve. I put it on your desk. Read it carefully.” She told me as she walked away from my room to get back to her room. One letter stole my attention for a while. On the envelope was written ‘from: C, to: Evelyn Sapphire’. 

She apologized for leaving me alone when I needed her the most. She admitted she was enjoying her time with her boyfriend and all her new friends so she forgot me. She regretted her mistake for making me upset. She said she missed me and wanted us to be like how we used to be. She left me dumbstruck. I wrote a letter back to her, saying thank you for her very kind intention and saying her no, for what she had asked me earlier. It was enough for me to trust somebody who was not trust-worthy at all. It was enough for me to make friends only to end up being disappointed because people always broke promises they made.

I told her to leave me alone again, I did not want to be disappointed because of other people and I did not want other people to be disheartened because of me. Let us just live our lives and never mind each other’s business anymore. By the end of the letter, I told her to watch over herself, no need to worry about me, and just be professional with our lives. I did not need friends who could only bring me down. Let us just be nice to each other without disturbing personal matters, or trust issue, because friendship was just nonsense after all.

Should English Be Taught in Early Age?

By. Mehrunnisa Ani Mufti
Edited by Salma Maulani

 

Wherever we travel in the world, we can see advertisements and signs using English. Whenever we enter a restaurant or hotel in foreign country, they will use English to communicate with us. Indeed, English is an international language that has already spread around the world. People from various countries learn English. However, when is the right time to learn English? Is it from an early age or when we have already grown up? There are two sides in our society about whether English should be taught at an early age. Indonesian government believes that if English is taught in childhood it will burdens students in learning other subjects. While some parents are convinced that English should be taught at childhood because it will make their children easier to understand the international language. Although there are challenges in learning English in early age, such as students’ lack motivation, decreased sense of nationalism, and the large number of students in a classroom, there is some evidence that those problems can be overcome by using various games, setting a particular goal in teaching to grow students’ nationalism, and using group work in the classroom.

Garton (2013) believes that students in early age have a lack of motivation in learning English. However, motivation can be increased from learning activity and teachers who understand the context.  Listia (2008) states that to increase students’ motivation, teachers should make learning activity more fun by using the right method and various games based on the children’s cognitive, physical, and emotional level. Also, by providing colored textbooks. The research conducted by her, where the increasing of students’ motivation in learning English is in line with the use of interesting learning methods such as using games, puzzles, interesting pictures and songs in the teaching and learning process. In addition, teachers should know the context of teaching English. McMillan (2017) states that a good context explains function and meaning, and gives students a reason to use what is being taught and communicated. From that, it can engage students to learn English because they know how the language is meaningful to them and how they have the connection with the language. It is in line with Rhalmi (2013) that states learners will have motivation to learn English if they acquire the language meaningfully. 

Opponents also maintain along with the pressure of widespread globalization, learning English can affect a sense of nationalism (Kawai, 2007). However, it depends on how the teachers teach English to the students. Fanani (2008) believes that if teachers set a particular goal in order to improve students’ sense of nationalism, it can increase the sense of it to the students. In order to objectify it, Fanani (2008) has already mentioned two ways to improve students’ nationalism through learning English activities; inserting nationalism value and using Indonesian songs in learning English. In particular, he argues that while teaching English teachers can internalize the value of nationalism which the students can get the beneficial things from internalization because of the unity combination of manner and value. To internalize the values of the English teaching materials, Fanani states that teachers can identify the values of nationalism that can be merged into teaching materials, for example comprehending and obeying the values carried in the 1945 Constitution and Pancasila. Then, finding the sources (written in English) adjusted with students’ grades about teaching materials related to Indonesian nationalism. The second way mentioned by Fanani (2008) is using Indonesian songs. He believes that all children love to sing, play, and repeat short songs.  He observed that using nationalism songs with English lyrics can be very useful to raise students’ sense of Indonesian nationalism. One example of the song is “Hari Merdeka” which has been translated into English. 

The final argument stated by opponent, Listia (2008) is that learning English at an early age in school is less effective because of the large number of students in the class. However, there are a lot of ways to overcome that. Listia (2008) observed that it can be overcome by dividing students into groups or pairs. By applying this method, it can increase interaction between students and make the learning atmosphere more varied. Therefore, students can show their abilities maximally without being shy because they work together. In addition, teachers can manage them easily because they shouldn’t check one by one. On the other hand, the arrangement of the classroom can overcome ineffective teaching and learning activity in a big member of class. This is consistent with research conducted by Hayes (1997) which states that learning English by rearranging the classroom tools (tables and chairs) into several groups. With this, teachers can recognize and see the students’ work clearly rather than in the classroom arrangement in rows. Hayes (1997) also states that if the class becomes noisy because of a large member of class, teachers can use signals (example: a clap of the hands) and give the instruction in a loud voice.

It should be evident that the arguments against learning English in early age are not acceptable. Many challenges mentioned by opponents can be solved in many ways. First, students who are not motivated in learning English can be prevented by fun learning activities and the understanding of context that belongs to the teacher. Second, the process of learning English which makes sense of nationalism faded can be overcome by implementing nationalism values and using Indonesian songs while learning English. Third, over-participants in class can be dealt with classroom management. To overcome those challenges, training should be given to the teachers who teach English to childhood, and parents should control them at home. 

 

 

References

Hayes, D. (1997). Helping Teachers to Cope with Large Classes. ELT journal, 51(2), 106-116.

Garton, S. (2014). Unresolved Issues and New Challenges in Teaching English to Young Learners:

                  The Case of South Korea. Current issues in language planning, 15(2), 201-219.

Fanani, A. (2015). Using English to Enhance the Elementary School Students’sense of Nationalism.

                 Educate, 4(2).

Kawai, Y. (2007). Japanese nationalism and the global spread of English: An analysis of 

                Japanese governmental and public discourses on English. Language and Intercultural
Communication
, 7(1), 37-55.

Listia, R., & Kamal, S. (2008). Kendala Pengajaran Bahasa Inggris di Sekolah Dasar. 

                 Retrieved on February, 11, 2011. 

Rhalmi, M. (2013, July 18). Meaning and Context in Language Teaching. Retrieved from

https://www.myenglishpages.com/blog/meaning-and-context-in-language-teaching/.

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http://eslarticle.com/pub/teaching-english-to-speakers-of-other-languages-t/139590-Setting-Context.html

Against All Odds: Inspiration from Andi Putrado

Written by Afni Febriani Muzdalifah & Willy Prasetya

Andi Putrado [personal documentation]

 

Being seemingly quiet, most people can easily mistake Andi Putrado as an average student. However, what he has been through has made him an extraordinary example of perseverance.

Andi is the first child of three siblings from a modest family. His father works as a private driver and a trader, while his mother runs a small shop. He passed his first year at the English Language Education Program of Universitas Islam Indonesia without much trouble. He also joined the university debate club and Taekwondo club in his spare time.

Unfortunately, as he stepped into the second year of college, her mother fell ill. His family had to give everything they had to nurse her back to health at the cost of financial support for Andi. Despite this challenge, Andi was determined to stay in college, so he decided to find a job to earn some money for living.

Andi worked as a waiter in a restaurant near the campus. Having a full-time job and attending classes at the same time turned out to be difficult for Andi. He had to skip some classes due to his work schedule. Oftentimes, when he was in class, he could not focus on the lessons since he already got tired after working. Also, dealing with annoying customers or being scolded by his supervisor often left him emotionally drained. However, he could eventually overcome the challenge despite earning a lower GPA.

That was not the only time life bashed him around. Besides working as a waiter, once Andi got the opportunity to be a private tutor. Since he did not have a motorcycle, he had to use his friend’s motorcycle or went to his student’s house by bicycle. Unfortunately, no matter how hard he tried to do his best, he often came late and thus could not keep the job after a few meetings.

 After all, when life closes a door, someone can always breach the wall instead of waiting for another door to open. He kept going through despite all the limitations and challenges, and his persistence paid off. He participated in various academic events, and even he got the 2nd runner-up position in two debate competitions. He also earned the opportunity to have his student teaching in Philippines, something that not all students could get. Despite all his outstanding achievements, Andi always tries to be humble. He acknowledged that he would have not made it this far without the relentless support from his parents, lecturers, and friends.

His story of perseverance shows us that we can achieve our dreams as long as we are willing to keep going against all odds. Besides, as Andi remarked, it is also important to know how to achieve what we want, to be open to various possibilities, and to keep praying.

A Journey Cross the Clouds

Fatchan Faturrahman
Edited by Salma Maulani

 

Arrived safely in the country located on top of Sulawesi Island, Philippines was a blessing. I would be here for a month to follow one of the projects under Southeast Asian Ministers of Education Organization called SEA (Southeast Asia) Teacher Project. On the morning of September with hot weather, I went to the school, DC National High School (henceforth DCNHS) with my friends and also our students’ buddy who was assigned to accompany us during the project. Our buddy was also a students’ teacher who was taking a field study program as well. When I took a look at the school from outside, it seemed small. However, after entering the school, it was bigger than my first expectation. That school was a secondary school, which consisted of 4 years for Junior High School and 2 years for Senior High School. What a surprise! While observing the school by moving around every corner of the place, I initiated to ask “How many students in this school?” My buddy informed me that there were around 18.000 students. Consequently, each class consisted of 60-70 students. Suddenly, I took a deep breath and paused for a second. I talked a lot with my buddy about all the things related to the school habit and culture.  

On Monday, there would be a flag ceremony, all teachers and the students must gather in the field and stand there without making a row. The agenda was also simple, they were just raising the flag while the national anthem filled the air, and then continued by short speech from the headmaster. There was a shorter ceremony than Indonesia’ protocol. However, it does not matter since every country has its own belief and value behind it all. On the other days, at 7 o’clock in the morning the national anthem will be aired as well. All civitas academica had to stop their activity while standing looking forward to the flag as a form of respect.

Me as a student teacher met with my supervisor at the school, Ma’am Kin. She was an English teacher who was assigned to guide and assessed me during the project. She was very energetic and looked spooky outside but sweet hearted. I needed to consult with my supervisor about my lesson plan that I would use as guidance for my teaching demonstration. My supervisor was very helpful during this project. I learned a lot from her. The Philippines’ lesson plan was shorter and simpler than the common lesson plan in Indonesia used. 

The teaching demonstration day was coming and I had to prepare all the things. My buddy and I went to the nearest convenience store to buy lots of equipment such as color papers, markers, double tape and so forth as a teaching media due to the lackness of facilities provided by school. There were no LCD projector and speaker in the class. Thus, to make it more effective, the teacher needed to write down the learning material on a paper or visual aids in creative ways, since the time allocation was only 60 minutes for every meeting. Then, it could help the teacher to move and stick the visual aids easily from one class to another.

Picture 1.Visual Aids that I used in the Philippines Secondary School

 

The students’ character was very talkative and noisy for a reason that in one class there were a lot of students, the number of students is almost twice the common Indonesian classroom. “Could you imagine the atmosphere?” It was very crowded and I thought it would not be effective for learning activity. I had to speak louder and sometimes I screamed to make my voice heard. I felt very exhausted and thirsty after doing the teaching demonstration. However, they were very adorable and it made me want to be more enthusiastic to teach them. Sometimes, they teased me with the cutest things. They had a good willingness to learn. In addition, the Philippines weather was very hot at the time, drenched in sweat was a common condition. Hence, the students sometimes took off their uniform and only wore a T-shirt in the class. Probably it was acceptable due to the situation. By the way, they only wore one kind of uniform in a week. In Indonesia especially, one could wear three kinds of uniforms in a week.

Picture 2.Taking picture with these amazing students

 

 Entering the class, I tried to introduce myself and explained to them what I would be going to do there. “I am from Indonesia and I will be here for a month to have teaching experience here, nice to meet you” I said to the students. They called me Sir and for women they would call Ma’am. Before the class begins, they will pray together by standing and saying it in a loud voice. Uniquely, every class has its own name as their class identity. It can be flowers or fruit names. After observing the class the day before, I initiated a classroom agreement with the students. I hoped that it could help the learning activity more properly. They agreed with my rules in the class and it worked, they were more cooperative following my class. I gave rewards to the students who were being active positively during the lesson. I had brought traditional Indonesia keychains special for them as a souvenir. Furthermore, most students can speak English, since the Philippines adopted English as a second language (ESL country). Therefore, language has not become main barriers for the interaction between my students and me.

Becoming an international pre-service teacher needs to be ready for facing the unpredictable situation and condition. Adaptability is extremely important as a modal to survive. “Who can survive, they will be safe wherever they are”. The different cultures in the education system also need to be adjusted, such as curriculum, school facilities, students’ characteristics and so on. It is a place for us to learn the new version and various education views in other countries. Teachers need to explore their creativity in order to overcome the problem by giving solutions and making the class atmosphere become pleasurable. A teacher or educator should work and should have super energy on preparing all the things to educate the students. Teaching is the calling of the heart.

Things in college life that online learning can never replace

Written by Willy Prasetya

Photo by the Author

 

When COVID-19 struck, all classes were shifted online. Teachers were working hard to find the best way to deliver lessons online, while students were struggling to deal with challenges in online learning. Despite the great effort to make online learning as meaningful as face-to-face classes, there are things in college life that will never be replaced.

 

Missing the taste of independence

As universities were closed due to COVID-19, most of us went back to our parents’ houses. Since then, we have been living under our parents’ authority once more. The responsibility to do household chores or to help our parents at work becomes inevitable. While some of us can balance our time for coursework and home duties, some others are having difficulties in dealing with multiple responsibilities.

In addition, while living with our parents, it is likely that we are missing the opportunities to practice independent decision-making that we did when living far from home. We stopped having our own routines, cooking our own meals, managing money for ourselves, choosing what non-academic activities to follow, or making other decisions related to our personal lives without much intervention from our parents.

 

Missing the social dynamics

I personally believe that what makes college more memorable is not the coursework but the social dynamics. Hanging out with friends, having an argument with a professor, doing something silly that makes everyone laughs during a class, and falling in love with a classmate will always be relevant topics to discuss even long after we graduate from college. While coursework in college makes us more knowledgeable, it is the social dynamics that makes us mature.

Conflicts, such as a quarrel with a roommate over the responsibility to clean the house, a disagreement in a student organization meeting, or a tension between two friends due to miscommunication, are important parts of social and emotional development for young adults . Due to campus lockdown, there are fewer interactions among us, resulting in fewer social dynamics.

It is true that online communication still enables us to stay in touch with friends and teachers. However, online communication also makes it easier to avoid conflicts or problems by simply turning off notifications or being irresponsive. In face-to-face college interactions, that is less likely to happen since we still need to attend classes in person and see our classmates or friends, including the ones we are having a problem with.

With the prolonged campus lockdown, a few of us may experience reverse culture shock when we have to go back to the complex social dynamics in college after the pandemic, particularly if staying at home has become the new comfort zone for us.

 

Every cloud has a silver lining

Despite what is missing from college life during the pandemic, we have the chance to learn new things. Online learning enables us to use various virtual tools and navigate the Internet more efficiently. In addition, by staying at home almost all the time, we can learn new skills, such as cooking, making arts and craft, or decorating rooms.

More importantly, this pandemic has taught all of us to appreciate things that we used to take for granted: greetings in the hall, small talks while waiting for classes, food sharing with friends during lunch, and many more. When the pandemic is over, hopefully we will rebound to a life full of appreciation and gratitude.

Memories

by Vanessa Marcelina and Petra Eleonora
Photo by Willy Prasetya via Instagram

 

Knock knock
The nails are knocked
And the memories are locked

Memories memories
To the earth it drops
The nails don’t budge
Tear stain smudge

Memories sealed
Cries concealed

Memories
Beep beep
The feeling tingles
Cold and asleep

Rumah Kartini: Supporting children’s education during the pandemic

Written by Ladhena BernadetaPhoto by the Author

 

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, almost all schools have shifted to online learning. Unfortunately, Many children in my neighborhood still have difficulty in learning at home because they have no mobile phones or computers to keep up with the online lessons. Despite the learning-at-home programs on the state-owned television network to make learning more fun and reach more students, most of those children lack access to television. Also, they don’t have many books at home, making it difficult for them to learn.

Another problem is the lack of motivation to learn. With the absence of teachers and regular learning hours, those children tend to spend their time playing with their friends. Even those who have mobile phones prefer playing games to learning. When their schools are closed, it is difficult for those children to learn independently.

For the abovementioned reasons, I started a community library called Rumah Kartini since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. Located in Cirebon, Rumah Kartini aims at providing opportunities to read and learn for children, especially those with no online access for studying. The library does not only provide books but also English classes for children. On the first day I started teaching some children, they were so excited when they learned names of fruits and asked if they could go back to learn English the next day.Photo by the Author

 

I hope that English can help those children access more information and thus improving the quality of education in my hometown. To begin with, support from educational institutions and people who care about the future generation is required to foster this community library. Until today, Rumah Kartini has only about 40 books for children and a few others for the junior high school level. Thus, any kind of support will surely contribute to the growth of Rumah Kartini as well as the children in its surroundings.

 

Support Us by Donating

We are accepting donations in the forms of books, educational toys, and financial support. Donations can be sent to the address below. Financial donation can be sent via Gopay, OVO, Dana, and wire transfer.

 

Rumah Kartini

Jalan Nyimas Endang Geulis, Kreyo, 010/020, Klangenan, Kota Cirebon, Jawa Barat

Contact Person +62 88216462377

Instagram @rumah.kartini

 

Editing by Willy Prasetya